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The Impact of Generative AI on Critical Thinking: Self-Reported Reductions in Cognitive Effort and Confidence Effects From a Survey of Knowledge Workers

CHI 2025 (ACM) · published 2025-04-25

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lee-2025-genai-critical-thinking · last checked 2026-10-18 · voice: industry · origin: global north

Six of seven authors work at Microsoft, which sells generative AI tools. Self-reported, cross-sectional survey; it measures perceptions, not performance. The ACM page was not reachable; the passage was read on the Microsoft Research publication page.

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  1. Source assertion· confidence medium· passage checked

    In a survey of knowledge workers published in 2025, people who trusted generative AI more reported doing less critical thinking, and their effort shifted toward checking and integrating AI output.

    Used in: Over-reliance and deskilling